Caprolagus hispidus, commonly known as the hispid hare or Assam rabbit, is a rare and endangered species of rabbit found in parts of India, Nepal, and Bhutan.
The hispid hare has a distinctive, thick and rough fur coat that is adapted to its forest and grassland habitats. They are primarily nocturnal and feed on a variety of grasses, leaves, and other vegetation. They are also known to dig burrows, where they rest during the day.
The hispid hare is threatened by habitat loss, fragmentation, and hunting. Their populations have declined significantly due to human activities such as deforestation and hunting for meat and fur. Conservation efforts are being made to protect the remaining populations of hispid hare, which include habitat restoration, anti-poaching measures, and awareness campaigns among local communities.
Hispid Hare
| Sl NO | Characteristics | Description |
| 1 | Common Name | Hispid Hare |
| 2 | Scientific Name | Caprolagus hispidus |
| 3 | Length | 40-70 cm |
| 4 | Colour | reddish-brown or grey-brown coat |
| 5 | Average weight | 1-2.5 kg |
| 6 | Food habits | grasses, leaves, and stems |
| 7 | Habitat | open grasslands, savannas, and dry scrublands |
| 8 | Any interesting facts about them | It has been known to engage in a behaviour called “stotting,” in which it jumps in the air with all four feet together to signal its fitness to potential mates or rivals. |
Features
The Hispid Hare, also known as Indian Hare or Bristly Hare, is a species of hare found in parts of India and Southeast Asia. The Hispid Hare has a reddish-brown or grey-brown coat, which is covered in long, bristly hairs that give it a spiky appearance.
The Hispid Hare is a medium-sized hare, with males typically larger than females. Adults can range in size from 40-70 cm in length and weigh between 1-2.5 kg.
The Hispid Hare has long, pointed ears, large eyes, and a relatively short tail. Its front legs are shorter than its hind legs, which are adapted for running and jumping. The hairs on its feet are also longer than on other parts of its body, which helps it move silently through its habitat.
The Hispid Hare is primarily nocturnal and solitary, spending its days resting in underground burrows or under vegetation. It feeds on a variety of plants, including grasses, leaves, and stems. One of the unique features of the Hispid Hare is its ability to produce a distinctive, high-pitched whistle when alarmed, which helps it communicate with other hares and warn of potential predators. Another interesting characteristic of the Hispid Hare is that it has been known to engage in a behaviour called “stotting,” in which it jumps in the air with all four feet together to signal its fitness to potential mates or rivals.
Food Habits
The Hispid Hare is primarily a herbivore and feeds on a variety of plants, including grasses, leaves, and stems. They are known to be selective feeders and have been observed to prefer certain plant species. Their diet can vary depending on the availability of food in their habitat. They are most active during the night and spend their days resting in burrows or under vegetation to avoid predators.
Habitats
The Hispid Hare prefers open grasslands, savannas, and dry scrublands with low or sparse vegetation. It is also found in forest edges and agricultural fields. They build their burrows in sandy or loamy soils, often under vegetation or rocks.
In India, the Hispid Hare is found in the states of Assam, Arunachal Pradesh, West Bengal, Uttar Pradesh and Bihar.
Vulnerable Species
The Hispid Hare is classified as Endangered by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) due to habitat loss and hunting. According to the IUCN Red List, there is no accurate population estimate available for the Hispid Hare in India. However, their population is believed to be declining due to habitat loss and other threats.
The Hispid Hare faces several threats in India, including habitat loss and fragmentation due to agricultural expansion, grazing, and infrastructure development. Hunting for food and trade is also a major threat, as their meat is considered a delicacy in some parts of India. Climate change and wildfires are other potential threats to their survival.
Protected Areas
Manas Wildlife Sanctuary, Assam, India: This sanctuary is located in the foothills of the Himalayas and is known for its diverse flora and fauna, including the hispid hare. The sanctuary is home to a variety of other endangered species, such as the Indian rhinoceros, pygmy hog, and Bengal tiger.
Dibru-Saikhowa National Park, Assam, India: This park is situated on the Brahmaputra River floodplain and is known for its diverse wetland habitats, including swamps, lakes, and rivers. The park is home to several threatened species, including the hispid hare, Bengal florican, and river dolphin.
Namdapha National Park, Arunachal Pradesh, India: This park is located in the eastern Himalayas and is known for its dense forests, high altitude grasslands, and snow-capped peaks. The park is home to a variety of rare and endangered species, including the hispid hare, clouded leopard, and Asiatic black bear.
Pakhui Wildlife Sanctuary, Arunachal Pradesh, India: This sanctuary is located in the eastern Himalayas and is known for its dense forests and diverse wildlife. The sanctuary is home to several threatened species, including the hispid hare, Asiatic elephant, and Indian giant squirrel.
